majid fouladian; z b
Abstract
The present study investigates the causal, contextual, and interventionist conditions of the phenomenon of gender identity disorder, using the "grounded theory" approach. In this regard, the researcher analyzed and interpreted the strategies and consequences of the phenomenon. To achieve this goal, in-depth ...
Read More
The present study investigates the causal, contextual, and interventionist conditions of the phenomenon of gender identity disorder, using the "grounded theory" approach. In this regard, the researcher analyzed and interpreted the strategies and consequences of the phenomenon. To achieve this goal, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 patients who suffered from a gender identity disorder, and three focus group sessions were held with 30 patients. The results indicated that gender identity disorders are a multifaceted phenomenon and its various dimensions have made this phenomenon an inevitable crisis. This phenomenon occurs under conditions such as psychological and mental conflicts, lack of positive feelings about physical characteristics, and occurrences of conflicts with gender which eventually lead to a romantic relationship with the opposite gender and intercourse with homosexuals. Actors in these situations either find gender reassignment surgery a strategy for resolving their gender crisis, or marriage as a strategy offered by their family. In some cases, they suppress and hide their sexual feelings, and follow actions in line with their current gender. These cases will lead to the risky exposure of transsexuals to the post-operative world of gender change.
Hossein Yahyazadeh Pirsaraee; marjan kiani
Abstract
Addiction and substance abuse are one of the social issues that are constantly on the rise. The consequences and damage that the family and the society bear as a result of women’s drug addiction is far more profound than that of men. The purpose of this study was to understand the social experiences ...
Read More
Addiction and substance abuse are one of the social issues that are constantly on the rise. The consequences and damage that the family and the society bear as a result of women’s drug addiction is far more profound than that of men. The purpose of this study was to understand the social experiences and consequences of drug abuse in women. The theoretical saturation criterion was conducted with 25 women in the semi-structured in-depth interview camp .Using a thematic analysis, the data collected was categorized and interpreted based on the research questions and objectives. The findings of this study were presented in four main themes in the four areas of women's addiction experiences, camp experience, addiction outcome, and from experience to outcome. The results show that the age of onset of addiction is decreasing. Furthermore, changes in the type of substances abused have occurred. The onset of addiction for women and girls is not just from home and the family, but also the role of friends.
leila fathi; maryam por kasmaei; Mohhamad Ebrahimi
Abstract
the main objective of this research is to examine the impact of social capital and its dimensions and the motivation for advancement on the entrepreneurial spirit of students. The statistical population of the study is all TabrizUniversity students at all levels in the academic year of 1395-1396, from ...
Read More
the main objective of this research is to examine the impact of social capital and its dimensions and the motivation for advancement on the entrepreneurial spirit of students. The statistical population of the study is all TabrizUniversity students at all levels in the academic year of 1395-1396, from whom 382 students were selected through random sampling and the data were collected. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between total social capital, social trust, social norm, social network and motivation for progress with the entrepreneurial spirit of students. In addition, the results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of entrepreneurial spirit and independent variables of research. The result of path analysis also showed that the motive of progress directly influenced the dependent variable by 0.29%. The variable of social trust is 0.14% directly and 0.18 percent have influenced the entrepreneurial spirit through the motive of progress. The social norm variable, as much as 0.15%, has influenced the entrepreneurial spirit of the studied sample. Finally, the social network variable had the most direct effect (0.36%) and indirectly (40.0%) through the variable of the motive of progress on the variable of entrepreneurial spirit.
a g; s a; z r
Abstract
Nowadays, the study of people’s conception toward the way they provide help in an earthquake is of utmost importance. The purpose of this study has been to describe and explain the condition of humanitarian help in the Kermanshah earthquake. To achieve this goal, a theoretical framework has been ...
Read More
Nowadays, the study of people’s conception toward the way they provide help in an earthquake is of utmost importance. The purpose of this study has been to describe and explain the condition of humanitarian help in the Kermanshah earthquake. To achieve this goal, a theoretical framework has been developed based on theories of social psychology: John Piliavin's social exchange, Latané and Darley’s theory of decision making process, and Alvin Goldner's Social Responsibility. The sample size of the study was 220 residents of Tehran aged over 18. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. The results showed that 69 percent of the people in Tehran contributed to the Kermanshah earthquake, 48 percent of which was in the form of cash and 36 percent non-cash. The explanatory results of the PLS software showed that the financial status of individuals had a coefficient of 29%, the extent of financial assurance to donor organizations had a coefficient of 19%, the experience of past earthquakes had a coefficient of 20%, and obtaining a spiritual reward had a coefficient of 16%.
h a; a t; Rasoul Goljouee
Abstract
Research shows that two-thirds of the prisoners are likely to commit crimes again within the first three years of their release. It is critical to study the factors associated with committing crime again for public planning. In this essay, we try to identify not only the risk factors affecting this phenomenon ...
Read More
Research shows that two-thirds of the prisoners are likely to commit crimes again within the first three years of their release. It is critical to study the factors associated with committing crime again for public planning. In this essay, we try to identify not only the risk factors affecting this phenomenon by studying published articles about recidivism, but also, given the contradictory results of the research, we will examine the effect size of a summary of the research. This paper is a meta-analysis. In this study, Hege’s g index was selected as the indicator of the effect size of studies. The CMA2 software was used to calculate the effect sizes. The random summary effect size was 0.396, and the effect sizes of the variables from the highest to the lowest were that of personality disorder, low age of the offender, offenders’ attitudes, poor education, dysfunctional family, family history of crime, problematic personality traits, crime background, criminal associates, victim type, psychological disorders, alcohol and drug abuse, unemployment and status of residence, respectively. In conclusion, the summary effect size of risk factors, according to Cohen's classification, shows small and medium effects. The most studied risk factors were at the individual level, indicating that the individual's perception of committing crime in the research literature was overcome.
reza safari shali; Taqi Parsamehr Parsamehr
Abstract
The analysis of discourse texts during 1989-1997 indicated that the discourse governing this period was of economic development type. Based on this discourse, the main condition of independence was justice, poverty alleviation, continuation of revolution, and economic development. One of the necessary ...
Read More
The analysis of discourse texts during 1989-1997 indicated that the discourse governing this period was of economic development type. Based on this discourse, the main condition of independence was justice, poverty alleviation, continuation of revolution, and economic development. One of the necessary requirements of policy analysis is evaluating the programs of this period according to its governing spirit in the context of contextual discourse. Thus, the objective was explaining the role of socio-political discourse of economic development in the formation of pension funds crisis. In other words, the roots and causes of funds crisis were evaluated in the discourse layer and also the future constructivism was illustrated in form of narration. The findings indicated that the concept of retirement was represented in the discourse context of economic development due to the most important sign of this period, i.e. "production and economic development" with its specific interpretation. The signified being consistent with this sense including the adjustment of human resources, government downsizing, etc., have experienced semantic reduction and have provided the potential of specific orientations on social security, retirement policies, funds crisis accumulation, and transmission of crisis narration to future governments.
zeinab shahbakhti; Abdollah Shafiabady; j h; Mahamoud Jajarmi
Abstract
The present study tries to identify the concept of family in the lived experiences of divorced applicants, using a qualitative method of Foundation data. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the life experience of divorce applicants and to discover and extract models from these experiences ...
Read More
The present study tries to identify the concept of family in the lived experiences of divorced applicants, using a qualitative method of Foundation data. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the life experience of divorce applicants and to discover and extract models from these experiences and to map the relevant paradigms, including the interrelationships between conditions (structure), action (process), and consequences. Data obtained through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with divorce applicants of the Karaj Family Court. The study reached theoretical saturation through the purposive sampling method with a sample size of 9 spouses (n = 18). The data were analyzed through the Strauss & Corbin method in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. The findings show that the causal conditions are the family ideological and structural tyans formation, the family evolution, the cultural problems, and economic problems. The basis conditions include family disorder, the lack of the state interactions, having the tool interaction and neglect to the religion outcome dimension. Intervention conditions are composed of the lack of life skill, the incorrect culture of the modern technology use and the lack of the separation of the family public and private scope. The consequences are of three main categories: the inevitability of divorce, the consequences of divorce, and the loss of family support. The results of the research showed that the phenomenon or category of the family concept in the living experience of divorce applicants is the unbalanced development of the family. As a result, unbalanced family development is largely eliminated by life skills training and social support.
