Allameh Tabataba’i UniversityJournal of Social Work Research2476-6380103620230622Religious Belief, Attribution to God, and Acceptance of Passive Immorality: A Pathological Examination of Beliefs without InstructionReligious Belief, Attribution to God, and Acceptance of Passive Immorality: A Pathological Examination of Beliefs without Instruction1291671910.22054/rjsw.2023.75093.700FAEbrahimAhmadiDepartment of Psychology, Buinzahra Branch, Islamic Azad University, Buinzahra, IranJournal Article20230731Previous researches about the relationship between religious belief and morality have reached conflicting findings and this shows that the effect of religious belief on morality cannot be direct. Therefore, for the pathology of religious belief, it is necessary to see which characteristics of religious belief can contribute to which forms of immorality under which conditions. The present study hypothesized that attribution to God makes it easier to justify passive immorality (omission of actions) and makes passive immorality seem more acceptable. With the purpose of testing this hypothesis and in a correlational design, 499 participants (230 men) with an average age of 37 years were selected among 30,000 subscribers of Hamrahe Avval and Irancell living in Tehran and Karaj and were randomly assigned into two groups of passive immorality (who read six stories about passive immorality) and active immorality (who read six stories about active immorality). Religious belief was measured with the Supernatural Beliefs Scale (Jong, Bluemke, & Halberstadt, 2013), and attribution to God and acceptance of immorality were measured with a researcher-made questionnaire. Regression analyses showed that the subjects who had more religious belief attributed passive immorality to God more than the subjects who had less religious belief, attribution to God predicted the acceptance of immorality, and religious belief had a negative relationship with the acceptance of immorality after excluding the variance of attribution to God. Also, the Moderated Mediation Model showed that attribution to God can explain why religious believers accept passive immorality more easily. These findings show thaPrevious researches about the relationship between religious belief and morality have reached conflicting findings and this shows that the effect of religious belief on morality cannot be direct. Therefore, for the pathology of religious belief, it is necessary to see which characteristics of religious belief can contribute to which forms of immorality under which conditions. The present study hypothesized that attribution to God makes it easier to justify passive immorality (omission of actions) and makes passive immorality seem more acceptable. With the purpose of testing this hypothesis and in a correlational design, 499 participants (230 men) with an average age of 37 years were selected among 30,000 subscribers of Hamrahe Avval and Irancell living in Tehran and Karaj and were randomly assigned into two groups of passive immorality (who read six stories about passive immorality) and active immorality (who read six stories about active immorality). Religious belief was measured with the Supernatural Beliefs Scale (Jong, Bluemke, & Halberstadt, 2013), and attribution to God and acceptance of immorality were measured with a researcher-made questionnaire. Regression analyses showed that the subjects who had more religious belief attributed passive immorality to God more than the subjects who had less religious belief, attribution to God predicted the acceptance of immorality, and religious belief had a negative relationship with the acceptance of immorality after excluding the variance of attribution to God. Also, the Moderated Mediation Model showed that attribution to God can explain why religious believers accept passive immorality more easily. These findings show thahttps://rjsw.atu.ac.ir/article_16719_6436ff8ab120f32254a70adeeaed4879.pdfAllameh Tabataba’i UniversityJournal of Social Work Research2476-6380103620230622Offenders ' lived experience of risk factors affecting recidivismOffenders ' lived experience of risk factors affecting recidivism31701724210.22054/rjsw.2024.72398.661FARasoulGoljoueeAllameh Tabatabaee UniversityAboutorabTalebiAllameh Tabatabaee UniversityJournal Article20230213present study is a qualitative research that was conducted with the using grounded theory method with the aim of identifying the risk factors affecting recidivism. Researches has shown that if a person has certain risk factors, these factors will increase her or his chances of becoming a criminal. Using targeted sampling and then theoretical sampling,individuals with criminal records of more than two offenses (as sample units and observation units) were included in the research. Based on the analyses conducted in open and axial coding, the total causal conditions of crime repetition include 7 major categories and 17 subcategories, including: 1 -harmful compensation of lacks 2-unmet basic needs 3-individual-social disclusion 4- self-imprisonment 5-ineffective justice system 6-problematic redefinition of self-concept 7-criminal subcultural capital. Finally, we reached the core category of the sustainability of deprivation. which has multiple dimensions .individuals who engage in repeat offending, do so due to the continuity of a set of deprivations and that deprivation is not only caused by the individual actions of activists or due to the structure of society, but both of them have been effective in causing deprivation.<br />Keywords: recidivism - risk factor - protective factorpresent study is a qualitative research that was conducted with the using grounded theory method with the aim of identifying the risk factors affecting recidivism. Researches has shown that if a person has certain risk factors, these factors will increase her or his chances of becoming a criminal. Using targeted sampling and then theoretical sampling,individuals with criminal records of more than two offenses (as sample units and observation units) were included in the research. Based on the analyses conducted in open and axial coding, the total causal conditions of crime repetition include 7 major categories and 17 subcategories, including: 1 -harmful compensation of lacks 2-unmet basic needs 3-individual-social disclusion 4- self-imprisonment 5-ineffective justice system 6-problematic redefinition of self-concept 7-criminal subcultural capital. Finally, we reached the core category of the sustainability of deprivation. which has multiple dimensions .individuals who engage in repeat offending, do so due to the continuity of a set of deprivations and that deprivation is not only caused by the individual actions of activists or due to the structure of society, but both of them have been effective in causing deprivation.<br />Keywords: recidivism - risk factor - protective factorhttps://rjsw.atu.ac.ir/article_17242_7b398281f91bad39324011b256459966.pdfAllameh Tabataba’i UniversityJournal of Social Work Research2476-6380103620230622The Economics of Prostitution: A Qualitative AnalysisThe Economics of Prostitution: A Qualitative Analysis711141724110.22054/rjsw.2024.69259.612FAEsmaeilGhorbaniPostdoctoral Researcher, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranMahdiKermanidepartment of social sciences, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranNazmohammadOunaghDepartment of Social Sciences Bojnourd University, Bojnourd, IranJournal Article20220812The purpose of this research is to investigate the social and economic causes of the formation of the prostitution market and the consequences of the entry of prostitutes into this market. The research implementation method is grounded theory and based on interpretative paradigm, which is practical in terms of research results and in terms of cross-sectional study time (1398-1399). From the systematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 21 people from the prostitution market (prostitutes, pimps and clients) and experts in the field of prostitution in Bojnurd city, 33 subcategories, 15 core categories and finally based on the selective coding of the central phenomenon in the form of " Prostitution market, a thriving market based on forced provision of sexual services" was formed.". The results of the research showed that the central phenomenon identified was influenced by a set of factors including: "social helplessness", "abundance of demand", "high income for pimps" and "escalating poverty that leads to consequences including "intensification of vulnerability to dangerous factors", "continuous exposure to violence", "defamilization from everyday life" and "sexual exploitation of poor and socially disadvantaged women". Also, "active adaptation to the existing situation" and "intermittent/discontinuous resistance" are considered as the most important strategies facing prostitutes in this market.The purpose of this research is to investigate the social and economic causes of the formation of the prostitution market and the consequences of the entry of prostitutes into this market. The research implementation method is grounded theory and based on interpretative paradigm, which is practical in terms of research results and in terms of cross-sectional study time (1398-1399). From the systematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 21 people from the prostitution market (prostitutes, pimps and clients) and experts in the field of prostitution in Bojnurd city, 33 subcategories, 15 core categories and finally based on the selective coding of the central phenomenon in the form of " Prostitution market, a thriving market based on forced provision of sexual services" was formed.". The results of the research showed that the central phenomenon identified was influenced by a set of factors including: "social helplessness", "abundance of demand", "high income for pimps" and "escalating poverty that leads to consequences including "intensification of vulnerability to dangerous factors", "continuous exposure to violence", "defamilization from everyday life" and "sexual exploitation of poor and socially disadvantaged women". Also, "active adaptation to the existing situation" and "intermittent/discontinuous resistance" are considered as the most important strategies facing prostitutes in this market.https://rjsw.atu.ac.ir/article_17241_324692b238d52973d3241ede289fcf88.pdfAllameh Tabataba’i UniversityJournal of Social Work Research2476-6380103620230622The application of family-based social work intervention with task-centered model on the functioning of working children's familyThe application of family-based social work intervention with task-centered model on the functioning of working children's family1151521584210.22054/rjsw.2023.71040.635FANegarSerajTehranMansourFathiAssociate Professor of social work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allameh Tabataba&#039;i University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20230102This research has investigated the effectiveness of the family-based task centered model on the functioning of the working children's family. The importance of the present research is that for the first time in Iran, the family-based task centered model in social work interventions has been scientifically investigated and a protocol based on the task centered model for family-based intervention in working with the families of working children has been developed. The title of one of the vulnerable groups has been compiled and regulated.<br />The current research is of an experimental type (pre-test-post-test with a control group), 30 families from the families of working children of "Talashegaran Yari Hamdel" Institute were sampled from among 50 families of the statistical population; In such a way that among the target statistical population, the families whose family performance scores were lower were determined and randomly placed in two experimental (15) and control (15) groups. Then, using the family-based task centered model, during 10 sessions, social work intervention based on the "family-based task centered model protocol" was implemented on the experimental group. Two methods of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis and analysis was done using spss software.<br />Based on the obtained results, the average scores of the experimental group after the implementation of the intervention in the family function variable and its dimensions show a significant difference.This research has investigated the effectiveness of the family-based task centered model on the functioning of the working children's family. The importance of the present research is that for the first time in Iran, the family-based task centered model in social work interventions has been scientifically investigated and a protocol based on the task centered model for family-based intervention in working with the families of working children has been developed. The title of one of the vulnerable groups has been compiled and regulated.<br />The current research is of an experimental type (pre-test-post-test with a control group), 30 families from the families of working children of "Talashegaran Yari Hamdel" Institute were sampled from among 50 families of the statistical population; In such a way that among the target statistical population, the families whose family performance scores were lower were determined and randomly placed in two experimental (15) and control (15) groups. Then, using the family-based task centered model, during 10 sessions, social work intervention based on the "family-based task centered model protocol" was implemented on the experimental group. Two methods of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis and analysis was done using spss software.<br />Based on the obtained results, the average scores of the experimental group after the implementation of the intervention in the family function variable and its dimensions show a significant difference.https://rjsw.atu.ac.ir/article_15842_226a2f8852c5f86f92935be5f376d378.pdfAllameh Tabataba’i UniversityJournal of Social Work Research2476-6380103620230622Path analysis of the relationship between physical activity, social isolation and depression among the elderly during the Covid-19 epidemicPath analysis of the relationship between physical activity, social isolation and depression among the elderly during the Covid-19 epidemic1531811691810.22054/rjsw.2024.73859.676FABAHRAMNIKBAKHSHAssistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20230514The present study is a quantitative and survey research that has examined the relationship between physical activity, social isolation and depression among the elderly during the Covid-19 epidemic. The statistical population of the elderly (60 years and older) is in Ahvaz city, where 384 people were selected by simple random sampling. Also, the collected data were analytically analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests such as simple regression, correlation coefficients and path analysis using structural equation tests in the form of pls-smart3 and spss software. Based on the background and purpose of the study, it was found that there is no significant relationship between more physical activity and less depression in the elderly during the outbreak of Covid-19 disease. Also, more social isolation leads to more depression. For the method, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Depression Scale for the Elderly, and the Promis social Isolation Scale were used. In this regard, path analysis was performed to assess the relationship between physical activity, social isolation, and depression. The results showed that out of 384 surveys conducted, according to the theoretical model of the research, higher social isolation had the highest impact factor on depression in the elderly (0.408). It was also found that the relationship between variables such as age and education with social isolation was not confirmed.The present study is a quantitative and survey research that has examined the relationship between physical activity, social isolation and depression among the elderly during the Covid-19 epidemic. The statistical population of the elderly (60 years and older) is in Ahvaz city, where 384 people were selected by simple random sampling. Also, the collected data were analytically analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests such as simple regression, correlation coefficients and path analysis using structural equation tests in the form of pls-smart3 and spss software. Based on the background and purpose of the study, it was found that there is no significant relationship between more physical activity and less depression in the elderly during the outbreak of Covid-19 disease. Also, more social isolation leads to more depression. For the method, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Depression Scale for the Elderly, and the Promis social Isolation Scale were used. In this regard, path analysis was performed to assess the relationship between physical activity, social isolation, and depression. The results showed that out of 384 surveys conducted, according to the theoretical model of the research, higher social isolation had the highest impact factor on depression in the elderly (0.408). It was also found that the relationship between variables such as age and education with social isolation was not confirmed.https://rjsw.atu.ac.ir/article_16918_b5bbc24a9d5a1b5bcd54b7f9a0cab3bc.pdfAllameh Tabataba’i UniversityJournal of Social Work Research2476-6380103620230622Investigating the mentality and perception of homeless people from the nursing home of district 11 of TehranInvestigating the mentality and perception of homeless people from the nursing home of district 11 of Tehran1832211724310.22054/rjsw.2023.75589.712FARoghayehAlaeiAssistant Professor of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University,Tehran, Iran.HassanBakhshizadehAssistant Professor Of Sociolojy University Of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Ardabil.IranMohammad AminNajafzadeACECR of Allameh Tabatabai BrancheJournal Article20230903The life of people in the form of "homeless life" is one of the consequences of the development of the city, especially in Tehran metropolis. For this purpose, preparing and creating centers under the title of Madadsara (homeless shelter) is considered as one of the ways to empower and deal with this social phenomenon. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to investigate the perception and mentality of homeless people (sample number 12 people) from the Madadsara in the railway neighborhood of the 11th district of Tehran using the qualitative-phenomenological research method. According to the findings of the research, the average age of the participants of this research was 37.58 years. In this research, 16 structural categories were extracted from semantic and textual clusters that refer to the dimensions of daily life, identity elements, attitude, expectations, and lack of acceptance of homeless men towards shelters. The results of the research show that the formed structure of a homeless person's identity causes this person to show his rough life in the form of sleeping in heaven and earth, avoiding the framework, addiction in the form of vagrancy and vulgarity in the streets and alleys. From the point of view of homelessness, shelters are usually restrictive, poorly organized and poorly functioning. Therefore, it can be said that the causes of homeless men's lack of acceptance towards Madadsara are three important categories: "creating interference in the homeless life process", "weakness of facilities and equipment" and "weakness of human interactions".The life of people in the form of "homeless life" is one of the consequences of the development of the city, especially in Tehran metropolis. For this purpose, preparing and creating centers under the title of Madadsara (homeless shelter) is considered as one of the ways to empower and deal with this social phenomenon. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to investigate the perception and mentality of homeless people (sample number 12 people) from the Madadsara in the railway neighborhood of the 11th district of Tehran using the qualitative-phenomenological research method. According to the findings of the research, the average age of the participants of this research was 37.58 years. In this research, 16 structural categories were extracted from semantic and textual clusters that refer to the dimensions of daily life, identity elements, attitude, expectations, and lack of acceptance of homeless men towards shelters. The results of the research show that the formed structure of a homeless person's identity causes this person to show his rough life in the form of sleeping in heaven and earth, avoiding the framework, addiction in the form of vagrancy and vulgarity in the streets and alleys. From the point of view of homelessness, shelters are usually restrictive, poorly organized and poorly functioning. Therefore, it can be said that the causes of homeless men's lack of acceptance towards Madadsara are three important categories: "creating interference in the homeless life process", "weakness of facilities and equipment" and "weakness of human interactions".https://rjsw.atu.ac.ir/article_17243_a092832871f862d82b1c2444fa21b1d5.pdf